Global marketing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global marketing management - Essay Example Marketers take in to account various strategies that they feel better and effective to achieve sustainable competitive advantage in today’s competitive markets. Maintaining stronger relationship with consumers is undoubtedly a very effective marketing tactic that can certainly help a firm stay stronger for quite a long term in the market. I would suggest my friend to think about relationship marketing and he therefore needs to treat his customers always welcomed to the business and to maintain friendly relationship. Consumers are to be treated as business partners both inside and outside the firm. Relationship marketing begins with identifying and understanding the needs and wants of customers and recognizing how to satisfy their requirements and preferences (Cravens, 2002, p. 205). In order to stay very relevant and to compete with new small strips and Wal-Mart stores in the area, it is critically important that he should build stronger partner-relation with consumers by taki ng in to account the following strategic steps. Make relationship marketing and customer-contact as an important part of corporate objective of the business. Train employees and all other service-providers about how effectively and friendly they need to treat customers. Keep constantly contacting customers for better services, before as well as after sales services, customers’ feedback and analyzing the words-of-mouth from the customers. Ensure that the goods and services meet their preferences by maintaining on-going quality improvement and quality management systems, and Evaluate how potential customers think about the company in relation to the competitors with a view to implement newer ideas or strategies to achieve competitive advantages. Answer- 2 For international marketing, firms are using different types of cooperative relationships such as strategic alliance, licensing, joint ventures, R&D partnering etc. Strategic alliance is a coalition between two or more firms w ith a view to achieve strategically significant goals that are beneficial to both or all the companies partnered in alliance (Kotabe and Helsen, 2008, p.305). Strategic alliance at international level is typically a collaborative arrangement between two or more firms working across borders. In simple words, cross border alliance is a strategic alliance arrangement between firms across borders (Johansson, 2009, p. 163). Cross border alliance is based on sharing of vital information, business ideas, assets, technology and managerial functioning between partner firms. Cross border alliance can be formed in different structures. It can either be based on a simple licensing agreement or it may consist of quite rigid ties between them. High tech companies often come in alliance with others based on technology swaps. Kotabe and Helsen (2008, p. 306) described the logic behind cross border alliance to explain why companies while going global enter in to alliance with other companies with th eir core businesses. With such alliance, companies want to create a defensive position so that the firm will be able to maintain the leadership position by learning newer skills, access to new markets and by developing new technologies. With cross border alliance, the marketer wants to catch up new marketing domains, or to remain simply in the business or to restructure the market with help of others’ marketing ideas and strategies. Answer- 3 Direct marketing has emerged to be a very successful marketing strategy as many world class companies like Dell and small scale businesses across the world have achieved greater success and unique marketing stance by going directly to the customers. Segmentation is a key marketing dimension that a marketer can set strategic framework to identify the right customers of a company to design and develop products or services to ensure that their specific as well as common preferences are met

Organizational behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational behavior - Research Paper Example There is a perfect organization of content coverage in the article as it first begins with explanation of the organizational behavior as a concept. The article thus gives a simple definition of organizational behavior as the field that studies and investigates the impacts of groups, individuals, and structure on behaviors within an organization. Nonetheless, the article lists some of the elements of organization like people and structure. In this case, people and structure interact to influence behaviors in the organization. The article gives a comprehensive coverage of the key elements of an organization (Youssel and Luthans 2). The illustration is important since interaction of the various elements influence behaviors within the workplace. The article puts more emphasis on people as important element of an organization. People are the employees who have different needs and expectations that they wish to accomplish. However, failure to meet those needs and expectations may affect their workplace motivation and have influence their behavior. Therefore, the article contributes a great deal to the topical discussion by stressing on people management as an important aspect of organizational behavior. Another important element that influences organizational behavior is structure which defines the existing relationships within the organization. Structures concern different aspects like hierarchy of command or authority, division of labor, specialization, formation, and centralization among others (Youssel an d Luthans 14). The organizational structural elements influence behaviors since they focus on power and duty. Nonetheless, organizational structure involves jobs and tasks where task identity as well as description affects behaviors of the employees. Another key point to note about the article is that it explains some approaches to organizational behavior. One of the

The two places Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The two places - Essay Example Pacific islanders form the smallest racial group in Santa Monica with a percentage of 0.1% while whites making up the largest percentage of 77%. Santa Monica being a beach city has attracted a lot of businesses and investors from overseas. International clothes designers and other celebrated merchandise are all found in the city. Anybody visiting Santa Monica will find a reason to overstay his or her welcome especially at night. This is because there is a buzzing nightlife in the city. Bright lights and many theatres are a norm in Santa Monica. There are also cultural museums which the residents can get useful information about the city and America as a whole. For the art lovers, there is an array of galleries to visit that feature international and local artists. Crime in Santa Monica is not high. For instance, cases of sex offenders are quite low. Other offences such as thefts and arson are also minimal with about 2000 thefts in 2010. Therefore, it is a safe place to live in without worrying about thugs attacking the area. The city usually holds cultural events such as fun fairs and community based activities such as disability day races. This definitely keeps people together. Venice Beach is adjacent to Marina Del Rey and is one o the places that is ideal for visiting if one is used to always being in Marina Del Rey. Just like Santa Monica, Venice beach is a tourist attraction due to its sandy beaches. In fact, Venice is quite similar to Santa Monica. The population as of 2008 was about 41,000 with white residents taking almost 64% of that number (Drake). It is said to be one of the wealthiest cities in the neighborhood because the average income of a household is 67,057 dollars. However, Venice has a culture of street performers who do great shows from juggling to skating while playing guitars. Entertainment wise,

Organizational behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational behavior - Research Paper Example There is a perfect organization of content coverage in the article as it first begins with explanation of the organizational behavior as a concept. The article thus gives a simple definition of organizational behavior as the field that studies and investigates the impacts of groups, individuals, and structure on behaviors within an organization. Nonetheless, the article lists some of the elements of organization like people and structure. In this case, people and structure interact to influence behaviors in the organization. The article gives a comprehensive coverage of the key elements of an organization (Youssel and Luthans 2). The illustration is important since interaction of the various elements influence behaviors within the workplace. The article puts more emphasis on people as important element of an organization. People are the employees who have different needs and expectations that they wish to accomplish. However, failure to meet those needs and expectations may affect their workplace motivation and have influence their behavior. Therefore, the article contributes a great deal to the topical discussion by stressing on people management as an important aspect of organizational behavior. Another important element that influences organizational behavior is structure which defines the existing relationships within the organization. Structures concern different aspects like hierarchy of command or authority, division of labor, specialization, formation, and centralization among others (Youssel an d Luthans 14). The organizational structural elements influence behaviors since they focus on power and duty. Nonetheless, organizational structure involves jobs and tasks where task identity as well as description affects behaviors of the employees. Another key point to note about the article is that it explains some approaches to organizational behavior. One of the

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 4

HRM - Essay Example onsibility for any defeat, injury, or damage resultant from, or occurring in association with, the use of in order contained, described, disclosed, or referred to in this account. The research work starts with the foreword of human resource management. The task will try to center on the idea of human resource management strategies and human resource behavior of McDonalds eating place ltd, the association where I am working. The object of this assignment is to connecting the models of HR strategies with McDonalds and summarising HR behavior like presentation management, incentive and rewards and HR planning. For the reason of HRM strategy I am applying the best practise and best-fit replica with McDonalds. Furthermore, it explains the human resource activities of McDonalds eating place ltd and finish with an suitable conclusions and recommendations that can get better the HRM strategy, HR behavior and the role of the HR meaning within McDonalds eating place Ltd in arrange to achieve greater than before organisational presentation. According to the yearly report of Macdonald human resource management is a strategic and logical approach to the management of an organisations the majority valued possessions: the people operational there who individually and together add to the achievements of its object with the great competence. The aim of HRM is to help the organisation to attain success through the help of public. HRM strategy is an approach for creation decisions on the tactics of the organisation (Dowling P.J, Welch D.E, 2004). These tactics are concerned with the worker relationship and its staffing, training expansion, performance management, rewards and worker strategies. The basic behavior followed by HRM is that of as long as services to internal clientele. These include middle management team head, line managers and employees. The services cover all the aspects of HRM like human resource planning, staffing and selection, worker development, worker rewards,

How Barbie Dolls Influence Girls Essay Example for Free

How Barbie Dolls Influence Girls Essay How we ever wonder why in toys stores, they separate the girl’s toys from the boys? Or why they have certain kind of toys for girls and boys?. We don’t think about those things. However, we see that dolls are for the girls because how we grew up. Also what society establishes show us, that girls are suppose to play with dolls because when they grow up, they would have to become mothers or housewife, be delicates and more feminine. Therefore this type of mentality was created in girls since they were little and because this is socially acceptable. Boys toys like trucks, cars and action figures, are not consider appropriate for girls because they are not consider to be feminine. According to society those types of toys are only for boys because this would teach them to be more manliness and increase their masculinity. This boys would grow up to be the strong sex and they would be the support of their family while women would take care of the babies and the house. Girls are brainwash with the toys they use, like when girls play with baby dolls, when they carry around their doll, wraps them in a blanket and take them for a nap they are learning true responsibility. However, they are taught to become mothers to early in life. They also play with popular Barbie doll, which also creates a woman stereotype that looks very unreal. These dolls represent the perfect model that is professional and has the perfect life. As a result girls visualize this doll as the type of model to follow, visualizing and creating in their young minds a type of life that doesn’t exist. Like having the perfect outfit, the perfect car or the handsome boyfriend that could cheat on them or treat them bad and that regardless of this situation it wouldn’t affect them. â€Å"Since her creation in 1959, Barbie has been a popular toy for young girls in the U. S. In 1998, on average, girls in the U. S. owned eight of these dolls and approximately two were purchased every second somewhere in the world†. By Elise Abramson). Consequently when girls play with Barbie dolls, their ways to view life is different. They create a new world where they become perfect grown ups, which is a major influence in the way they behave and think. Barbie is not a good role model for girls because this doll sends a wrong message to them about their roles in society. Barbie focus more on shopping and always being perfect with her unrealistic body. Also some of these dolls come showing some career like veterinarians, octors but always focusing on being cute and only working with cute things. Therefore, girls think about it as the way things are suppose to be and they try to act what they see or imagine, creating different scenes in their heads that projects the wonderful life that is perpetuate by this doll. In short, what we have to consider too, is that those negatives images impose by this doll to girls is also reinforce by society, which also creates a certain stereotype of women and they way she should be and look.

Concepts in social psychology: Analaysis

Concepts in social psychology: Analaysis Social Psychology Introduction Social psychology may be called one of the oldest sub-disciplines of psychology (Crisp Turner, 2010). From the primary social psychological research, it has been an inseparable part of the broader discipline (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology may be perceived as having some sort of identity crisis because of too different approaches. Nevertheless, this is incorrect. Social psychology is as strong as it has ever been. This may be proved by the emergence of numerous other sub-disciplines, which have appeared around it, and have applied mainly social psychological theories and concepts (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology is a goal-oriented sphere, which tries to realize the psychological and social needs of human beings. There are several principles that concern the practice of social psychology. These are: discovering the self, thinking about others, influencing others, relations building, and group dynamics. Discovering the Self In spite of the huge amount of literature on the topic of self there is still no agreement upon the clarification of it (Glaveanu). The majority of researchers try to avoid the â€Å"unanswerable† query of what self is, and their approaches are supported more by the inherent awareness rather than precise clarifications (Glaveanu). Similar to the notion of consciousness, the self is mentioned among those concepts, which are never precise, unified and clear-cut (Glaveanu). The pioneering explorers in the field of self thought that the individual’s experience occurs in the brain (Glaveanu). However, only the evolvement of a self forces the person to realize that the experience is their own. These days, the self has been characterized either as the place from where the individual sees the globe and acts towards it, or as an energetic and cooperative process (Glaveanu). All other clarifications are concentrated on the notion of properties or on finding operational criteria for â€Å"searching† the existence of self (Glaveanu). Researching the self is one of the fundamental ideas of social psychology. It tries to investigate how a person sees the self within the social context. Basically, the idea is to find out how people treat themselves and their relations with other humans. Self-concept, Awareness, and Self-schemas Self-concept is a fundamental issue in the sub-discipline of social psychology (Boyce, 2008). It embraces two essential elements: self-structure and self-content. It relates to data, which influences humans’ classification of the self (Boyce, 2008). This embraces values, beliefs, self-knowledge and self evaluation. Self-structure touches upon the way the data concerning the self is arranged (Boyce, 2008). Self-concept allows people to separate themselves from other people (Boyce, 2008). In its turn, self-awareness is also a crucial concept in social psychology. It concerns the capability of people to separate themselves from other people and the surroundings (Myers, Abell, Kolstad, Sani, 2010). It presupposes awareness concerning ones’ character, values, emotions, strengths and weaknesses. It influences humans’ self-image and, hence, influences their feelings concerning self and other people. Inappropriate awareness of self may cause self-image, which is not a genuine depiction of a human being (Myers et al., 2010). Therefore, self-awareness has a crucial influence on human conduct and relations with other individuals. Social psychology tries to investigate aspects, which influence self-awareness, and psychologists help people in improving self-awareness (Myers et al., 2010). Acknowledgement of the notion of self starts with the values, by which people define, who they actually are (Myers et al., 2010). These values are recognized as self-schemas and are the construction blocks, with which the character is created (Myers et al., 2010). Self-schemas are the figures, through which humans estimate themselves and other humans (Myers et al., 2010). If a person thinks that they is stout, then this idea is a schema through which he sees himself (Myers et al., 2010). He also treats other humans relatively through the same schema. The acting self is another significant component of the detection of the self (Boyce, 2008). It is accountable for those acts, which are performed by people (Boyce, 2008). The sub-division of psychology tries to understand the elements, which drive the active self. These elements are: the external environment and the judging self. People whose deeds are impacted by the environment exhibit outer locus of control. In turn, humans, whose deeds are triggered by the judging the self exhibit inherent locus of control (Boyce, 2008). There are two more important concepts defining the self: self-esteem and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy concerns individual’s perception about theur ability to perform some acts, which are required if they wants to manage certain circumstances (Boyce, 2008). This concept determines how humans react on different circumstances; hence, this concept influences the human conduct (Boyce, 2008). People with a low sense of self-efficacy usually believe that different conditions are out of their control, and they try to rely on other people (Boyce, 2008). Self-esteem concerns the level at which a person values the self (Boyce, 2008). This concept predetermines conduct and relations with other people. In its turn, it depends on how people estimate themselves (Boyce, 2008). Self-evaluation usually leads to either negative or positive self-esteem. Humans, who expose positive self-esteem, demonstrate confidence in their skills and cheerfulness (Boyce, 2008). Conversely, individuals with low self-worth demonstrate limited confidence in their skills. They care about what other people think of them (Boyce, 2008). Thinking about Others Social psychology also studies thinking about other people. A person’s view of other people is an amazing determinant of the person’s conduct and relations with others. Social psychology embraces such an important concept as attribution, which concerns the fashion in which a human being attaches meaning to the specific event or issue (Crisp Turner, 2010). There are two major variants of attribution; internal and external. Internal type takes place when an individual associates the incidence of events with aspects, which are within their power (Crisp Turner, 2010). External attribution occurs when a person attributes the incidence of events to aspects, which are beyond their control (Crisp Turner, 2010). Attribution predetermines how the person interprets the conduct of others. Hence, attribution has a crucial influence on relationship with other members of the society (Crisp Turner, 2010). At the same time, attitudes and behaviors influence how people perceive others (Plous, 2003). Attitude relates to an individual’s manner of estimating humans or different issues. Attitudes are shaped by several aspects, such as personal observations and experiences, social norms and roles (Plous, 2003). Attitudes help people to create strong opinions concerning dissimilar issues (Plous, 2003). It embraces emotional and cognitive aspects. Emotional aspect refers to the feeling created by an issue, whilst the cognitive aspect concerns the ideas created by the issue (Plous, 2003). Attitude frequently influences behaviors in a way that sometimes human beings can change the attitudes to adapt to their behaviors (Plous, 2003). Prejudice, stereotypes and discrimination influence interaction with others as well (Plous, 2003). Stereotype relates to image held by a person concerning a certain group of people. Stereotyping causes bias and prejudice. It relates to certain attitude towards members of a certain community due to the presence of certain stereotype (Plous, 2003). In turn, prejudice causes discrimination. Discrimination relates to positive or negative acts towards members of a certain group due to prejudice (Plous, 2008). All three concepts have crucial influence on conduct and relations (Plous, 2003). Influencing Others: Persuasion Social psychology also investigates how a person affects other humans. It relates to how an individual applies the power of persuasion to make others accomplish their goals. It should be mentioned that human relations mainly rely on unconscious system of give and take (Bressert, 2006). Robert B. Cialdini has been investigating the significance of persuasion in affecting social relations (Bressert, 2006). He has recognized six major principles of influence: 1. Reciprocation: one good turn deserves another. 2. Commitment and Consistency: pursue through. 3. Social Proof: when uncertain, go after the crowd. 4. Liking: trust people you like. 5. Authority: be a real member of the team, listen to professionals. 6. Scarcity: appreciate unusual (Bressert, 2006). Hence, persuasion is the procedure during which a human being tries to stimulate people to change their behaviors and attitudes regarding some issue. In order to attract the audience the persuader has to reveal their own credibility. Humans, who are considered unreliable, cannot convince others successfully (Crisp Turner, 2010). The person also has to expose a high degree of proficiency as people like an assurance expressed by the persuader (Crisp Turner, 2010). The persuasion message should be precise, clear and consistent. At the same time, the listeners should also expose commitment to the course advanced by the persuader. Low commitment may obstruct the persuasion practice (Crisp Turner, 2010). Obedience and Conformity Obedience and conformity are also crucial elements of social impact. Conformity is an inclination of a person to presume similar values, attitudes, and behaviors as other members of the grouping he or she is attempting to fit in (Fiske, 2010). Moreover, many people will follow the group even when they have seen something different with their own eyes (Fiske, 2010). While conformity concerns some alteration to fit into a group, obedience has more to do with the degree of authority of the human being performing the impact (Fiske, 2010). If people are considered to be the leaders, listeners are far more likely to reply to them by agreeing with the requests they make (Fiske, 2010). It may be explained by the dictatorial character of the person, it could also be due to fear of punishment if compliance is not about to happen (Fiske, 2010). Hence, obedience takes place when somebody acts in a way he does not normally act due to a leader’s orders. Conformity is more interconnected with social pressure and impact, whilst obedience not merely embraces a hierarchy but is caused more by respond to a leader rather than social impact (Fiske, 2010). As for aggressive behavior, aggression relates to behaviors, which are directed toward hurting another person. It relates to the act, which is planned to cause harm to another human being. Aggression can be either hostile or instrumental. Instrumental aggression occurs when an individual uses the aggressive behaviors in order to accomplish some goals (Crisp Turner, 2010). Hostile aggression takes place when the sole purpose of the aggression is to cause damage (Crisp Turner, 2010). Aggression has social and psychological implication, which makes it a crucial subject of study in social psychology (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology also concentrates on evolving prosocial behaviors, which are directed towards assisting other humans (Crisp Turner, 2010). Unlike people demonstrating aggressive behavior, humans with prosocial behavior demonstrate concern for other people’s rights and emotions (Crisp Turner, 2010). Prosocial conduct is a vital aspect of human relations similar to relationship building, attraction and love. Social psychology assists people in relations and love (Plous, 2003). Relations are developed when one individual becomes dependent on another for some issues. Constructing relations starts with the initiation of cognitive interdependence, when people with the relationship learn about one another via interaction and exposure (Crisp Turner, 2010). The relations proceed to the behavioral interdependence, when humans within the relationship change the behaviors of other humans (Plous, 2003). Individuals in the relations become conscious of the requirements of the other party and change the behaviors to make them in agreement with the requirements. The relations can also move on to the emotional interdependence stage that is also recognized as the familiarity stage, which is an optimistic emotional tie and sense of connectedness among humans (Plous, 2003). Group Dynamics Social life presupposes different groups. There are four main types of groups: The intimacy group, which relates to humans, who are united by a strong emotional tie (Crisp Turner, 2010). The first group consists of relatives, friends, and romantic relationships (Crisp Turner, 2010). The task group, which relates to humans, who are united for the aim of achieving a certain task. The group embraces colleagues or schoolmates (Crisp Turner, 2010). The social group: these are humans, who are united by social aspects, for instance, sex, religion, nations or race (Crisp Turner, 2010). The loose association, which relates to humans united by elements that are least binding. For example, loving the same music (Crisp Turner, 2010). Groupthink is the inclination of a group to make decisions via consensus. Groupthink takes place in groups, which have a strong unity, leadership and which are separated from outer influences (Crisp Turner, 2010). One of the outcomes of groupthink is that it supports the ideas of the most dominant members of the groupings. Thoughts from the least powerful members of the groups are neglected. Groupthink can also cause loss of human identity and independence (Crisp Turner, 2010). In turn, social dilemmas relate to circumstances, under which the interests of a group crash with the aims of members of the groups (Plous, 2003). All members of the group obtain lower collective advantages by making choices, which favor individual gain than by making choices supporting collective gain (Plous, 2003). Maybe, in the future social psychologists will resolve this dilemma. Future of Social Psychology Future tendencies of social psychology will be far more integrated because of cross-cultural studies, with better technological resources and better professional ethics. Culture, especially, multiculturalism will play a huge role in the future tendencies as it enables the psychologists to test their hypotheses over varied groups of people to realize whether the ideas apply across dissimilar nations and cultures. Today, social psychology deals with the psychological and social issues, which are demonstrated by the existing surroundings. In the past and the present, the scientists have been driven by such issues like racism, sex, altruism, wars and HIV (Crisp Turner, 2010). In the future, different promising issues like globalization can drive this field as it is leading to the alliance of diverse nations of the globe. This may transform the way people interact. Advanced technology will also influence social psychology. Lately, the globe has seen amazing changes in the technology sphere. This has started to influence the way individuals live and communicate (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology can investigate the impacts of technologies. The other issues, which can create a central area of concentration in the area of social psychology, embrace terrorism, health, global warming and current and future ecological issues (Crisp Turner, 2010). Conclusion Social psychology is a goal-oriented sphere that makes an attempt to recognize the social and psychological needs of humans. There are several principles concerning the practice of social psychology. These are: discovering the self, thinking about others, influencing others, relations building, and group dynamics. The debates around the sphere of social psychology may force people think that it experiences an identity crisis. However, in fact, the social psychology is stronger than it has ever been before. Many different disciplines emerge on the basis of social psychology. Moreover, this discipline is at its height, and it is likely to be further accelerated by multiculturalism, technological advancement, globalization, health and environmental issues. References Boyce, K. (2008). Self-structure and Self-concept Clarity: Evaluative Integration as a Means to Increased Self-clarity. Michigan: ProQuest. Bressert, S. (2006). Persuasion and how to influence others. Retrieved from http://psychcentral.com/lib/persuasion-and-how-to-influence-others/000137 Crisp, R., Turner, R. (2010). Essential Social Psychology. USA, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Ltd. Fiske, S. (2010). Social Beings: Core Motives in Social Psychology. New Jersey: Wiley. Glaveanu, V. (n.d.). The Self in social psychology: towards new perspectives. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/229337/The_Self_in_Social_Psychology_Towards_New_Perspectives Myers, D., Abell, J., Kolstad, A., Sani, F. (2010). Social Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Plous, S. (2003). The psychology of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination: An overview. In S. Plous (Ed.), Understanding Prejudice and Discrimination (pp. 3-48). New York: McGraw-Hill.